Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science

Review articles

Anatomical endoscopic enucleation of the prostate for bladder outlet obstruction: a narrative review: Tae Hyo Kim, Phil Hyun Song; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2022;39(1):12-17. Published online November 9, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2021.01522

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Anatomical endoscopic enucleation of the prostate (AEEP) differs from other endoscopic modalities for bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) because it extracts the whole benign prostatic hyperplasia component. AEEP has been launched for almost 40 years as a first-line treatment method for BOO regardless of prostate size according to several guidelines. However, it remains underperformed worldwide. In this review article, we elaborate on the advantages and disadvantages of AEEP compared to other surgical modalities for BOO to investigate its efficacy and safety as a gold standard surgical management option for males with BOO.

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From Consensus to Validation: A Multicenter Study for Design and Development of a Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate Hydrogel Simulation Platform
Lauren Shepard, Nathan Schuler, Gopal Narang, Shaan Setia, Akhil Das, Nicole Miller, Mitchell Humphreys, Amy Krambeck, Ahmed Ghazi
Journal of Endourology.2024; 38(1): 60. CrossRef
Robotic Assisted Simple Prostatectomy versus Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate for Patients with Huge Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Hye Soo Kim, Yu Seob Shin
The World Journal of Men's Health.2023; 41(4): 753. CrossRef

Frailty and elderly in urology: implications for postoperative complications: Phil Hyun Song; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2020;37(4):296-301. Published online October 8, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2020.00752

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Abstract PDF: The geriatric population is at a greater risk of postoperative complications than young adults. This risk is associated with the physiologic decline seen in this population known as frailty. Unlike fitter patients, frail patients who undergo operative treatment have a greater likelihood of developing postoperative complications and endure prolonged hospital stays. This circumstance is comparable to the urological status. Therefore, tolerable measurement of frailty as a domain of preoperative health status has been suggested to ascertain vulnerability in elderly patients. In this review, we will elaborate on the concept of frailty and examine its importance with respect to surgical complications, focusing on the urological status.

Case report

Ureterosciatic hernia causing obstructive uropathy successfully managed with minimally invasive procedures: Yeong Uk Kim, Jae Ho Cho, Phil Hyun Song; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2020;37(4):337-340. Published online July 29, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2020.00402

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Abstract PDF

Ureterosciatic hernia is extremely rare. In ureteral herniation, ureter prolapses occur through either the greater or lesser sciatic foramen. Atrophy of the piriformis muscle, hip joint diseases, and defects in the parietal pelvic fascia are predisposing factors for the development of ureterosciatic hernia. Most symptomatic patients have been treated surgically, with conservative treatment reserved only for asymptomatic patients. To the best of our knowledge, long-term follow-up outcomes after ureterosciatic hernia management are sparse. In this paper, we report the case of a 68-year-old woman who presented with colicky left abdominal pain. After computed tomography (CT) scan and anterograde pyelography, she was diagnosed ureterosciatic hernia with obstructive uropathy. We performed ureteral balloon dilatation and double-J ureteral stent placement. After this minimally invasive procedure, CT scan demonstrated that the left ureter had returned to its normal anatomical position without looping into the sciatic foramen. The patient remained asymptomatic with no adverse events 7 years after the minimally invasive procedures. This brief report describes ureterosciatic hernia successfully managed with minimally invasive procedures with long-term follow-up outcomes.

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Ureterosciatic Hernia in Focus: A Narrative Review of the Literature
Mohamed Mustafa, Afiq Pouzi, Peter Senada, Lokesh Suraparaju, Suresh Gupta
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Urosepsis secondary to ureterosciatic hernia corrected with ureteral stent placement: a case report and literature review
Kohei Kakimoto, Mayu Hikone, Ko Nagai, Jun Yamakawa, Kazuhiro Sugiyama, Yuichi Hamabe
International Journal of Emergency Medicine.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

Original article

Comparison of three different endoscopic approaches in the treatment of bladder calculi: Jae Youn Jang, Young Hwii Ko, Phil Hyun Song, Jae Young Choi; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2019;36(1):16-19. Published online December 19, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2019.00045

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Background
This study compared the following three endoscopic techniques used to treat bladder stones: transurethral cystoscope used with a pneumatic lithoclast or nephroscope used with a pneumatic lithoclast and nephroscope used with an ultrasonic lithoclast.
Methods
Between January 2013 and May 2016, 107 patients with bladder stones underwent endoscopic treatment. Patients were classified into 3 groups based on the endoscopic techniques and energy modalities used in each group as: group 1 (transurethral stone removal using a cystoscope with pneumatic lithoclast), group 2 (transurethral stone removal using a nephroscope with pneumatic lithoclast), and group 3 (transurethral stone removal using a nephroscope with ultrasonic lithoclast). Baseline and perioperative data were retrospectively compared between three groups.
Results
No statistically significant intergroup differences were observed in age, sex ratio, and stone size. A statistically significant intergroup difference was observed in the operation time—group 1: 71.3±46.6 min; group 2: 33.0±13.7 min; and group 3: 24.6±8.0 min. All patients showed complete stone clearance. The number of urethral entries was higher in group 1 than in the other groups. Significant complications did not occur in any patient.
Conclusion
Nephroscopy scores over cystoscopy for the removal of bladder stones with respect to operation time. Ultrasonic lithoclast is a safe and efficacious modality that scores over a pneumatic lithoclast with respect to the operation time.

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Comparison of nephroscopy and cystoscopy used in the treatment of bladder stones: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Liping Gou, Zhenghao Wang, Ye Zhou, Xiaofeng Zheng
BMC Surgery.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

Original Article

Role of urine osmolality as a predictor of the effectiveness of combined imipramine and desmopressin in the treatment of monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis.: Kwon Soo Lee, Jun Bo Chang, Jae Yoon Jang, Young Hwii Ko, Yong Hoon Park, Phil Hyun Song; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2015;32(2):85-89. Published online December 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2015.32.2.85

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
We examined the usefulness of urine osmolality, as a predictive factor in the treatment of monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (NE) with combination therapy of imipramine and desmopressin. METHODS: From May 2014 to April 2015, 59 monosymptomatic NE patients participated in this study. Early morning urine osmolality was measured at 1 week and 1 day before combination therapy of imipramine and desmopressin, and at 1 week and 2 weeks after therapy. The response to combination therapy was evaluated at 3 months after treatment. The mean period of combination therapy was 6.4+/-4.2 weeks. Therapeutic response was classified as complete (0-1 wet night/week), partial (over 50% reduction of night) and non-responders (less than 50% reduction of night). RESULTS: The cumulative rate of the complete and partial responders was 76.3%. Among the 3 groups, the statistically lowest value of pre-treatment urine osmolality was observed in the complete responder group (p<0.001). Urine osmolality increased in all groups after treatment, however, statistically the greatest difference between pre and post-treatment urine osmolality was observed in the complete responder group (p=0.024). No serious side effects were observed. CONCLUSION: Early morning urine osmolality and change of urine osmolality between pre and post-treatment have predictive values in the response to combined imipramine and desmopressin for treatment of monosymptomatic NE.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

First-morning urine osmolality changes in children with nocturnal enuresis at the end of treatment
Yun ha Lee, Jae Min Chung, Sang Don Lee
Childhood Kidney Diseases.2024; 28(1): 27. CrossRef

Case Reports

A Case of Bilateral Testicular Teratoma Found in Infant.: Un Gi Baek, Seok Young Chung, Woo Seok Choi, Phil Hyun Song, Chul Kyu Cho, Ki Hak Moon, Dong Sug Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2003;20(1):92-98. Published online June 30, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2003.20.1.92

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Abstract PDF: Testicular teratoma is characterized that has more than one germ cell layer in various stages of maturation and differentiation. The incidence of mature teratoma varies from 2 to 9% of all germinal testicular tumor. Only 3 cases of bilateral teratoma have been reported in the literature to date. The teratoma can occurs at all ages but is most common between the age of 15-35 year. It is relatively infrequently seen in childhood and infancy. In these age group, teratoma tends to be a benign. Recently, we experienced one case of bilateral testicular teratoma in 4 month-old infancy. We report a case of bilateral testicular teratoma found infancy with review of related literatures.

A Case of Infected Huge Lymphangioma in Pelvic cavity.: Woo Seok Choi, Seong Ho Lee, Seok Young Chung, Phil Hyun Song, Un Gi Baek, Chul Kyu Cho, Tong Choon Park, Joon Hyuk Choi; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2002;19(1):63-67. Published online June 30, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2002.19.1.63

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Abstract PDF: Lymphangioma is a benign tumor resulted from abnormal communication between large dermal lymphatic channels and central lymphatic system. The tumor is encountered more often in the neck and axilla and less often in mediastinum, omentum, retroperitoneum, and scrotum. It rarely developed at urogenital system, and there has been no previous description of lymphangioma involving the bladder wall in Korea. We report a case of 35-year-old female with infected huge lymphagioma arising from pelvic cavity and involving bladder wall.

Original Article

The Effects of Anticholinesterase Drugs on Gastric Motility.: Hyoung Chul Choi, Jong Ho Kim, Jeoung Hee Ha, Kwang Yoon Lee, Won Joon Kim, Dong Suk Kwak, Sung Hee Kim, Phil Hyun Song, Ji Hyun Yeo; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1999;16(2):318-325. Published online December 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1999.16.2.318

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Anticholinesterase drug inhibits acetylcholinesterase(AChE), induce accumulation of acetylcholine(ACh) near cholinergic receptors and cholinergic stimulation. This experiment was performed to study the effects of anticholinesterase drugs on gastric motility and the effect of ethanal on anticholinesterase drug-induced motility change. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After excision of stomach, 2x10mm circular musele strips were made, which were then fixed to the isolated muscle chamber. An isometric tension transducer was used to measure the contraction change of the gastric smooth muscle strips after drug addition. RESULTS: Fenthion, and irreversible anticholinesterase drug, increased ACh induced contraction of gastric smooth muscle strips and PAM, a cholinesterase activator, antagnized this action. Physostigmine, a reversible anticholinesterase drug, also increased the ACh induced contraction. The gastric motility was decreased by PAM. Ethanol, which is known to induce smooth muscle relaxation, inhibited the increase of contraction by fenthion. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that irreversible and reversible anticholinesterase drugs increase gastric motility and antagonized by cholinesterase activating drugs. And when exposed to both ethanol and anticholinesterase drug, gastric motility was decreased by the smooth muscle relaxation effect by ethanal.

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